Martin Waller: Business commentary
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It is a fact not generally appreciated that one of the first successful windfall taxes on a hated group of businesses seen as profiteering from exorbitant charges to consumers was imposed by the woman now known as Baroness Thatcher, who handbagged the banks in the early 1980s.
In 1997 new Labour hit all the privatised utilities for £5 billion. Bliss it was to be alive; it was to pay for Welfare to Work, the bill was spread wide, and the utilities scented the public mood in those heady days and paid up. The landscape is different now, and the threat of a smash-and-grab raid on our vilified energy firms is rousing some spirited opposition.
The Treasury probably understands the arguments against as well as anyone. Yet there is a danger, as union leaders and consumer groups vie to step up the pressure for a one-off hit stretching into the billions, that an administration seemingly heading into the history books will give in to the temptation for one last, rabble-rousing gesture.
No one enjoys paying fifty-quid-plus to fill up the modest family saloon; no one wants to pay a grand a year to heat the modest family home. The sight of those businesses responsible suffering some proportionate pain would give pleasure to millions. However, although windfall taxes — like bear-baiting — may offer a spectacle, it is not an improving one.
Any energy windfall tax would not be hypothecated to cut the fuel bill of that pensioner with the stone cold one-bar fire; it would go into the morass of central public spending, to be frittered away accordingly on whatever measures seemed most effective to reduce the cull of marginal seats.
Secondly, energy markets are increasingly globalised. That hardly needs stating in the case of Shell; but it is worth pointing out that Centrica, aka “British” Gas, recently decided, on grounds of the respective returns available, against investment in a Thames wind farm in favour of one onshore in the US.
With firms such as E.ON and EDF, which seemingly last night was in two minds over whether or not to buy our nuclear industry, heavily embedded in the UK, investment decisions are being taken in Paris and Düsseldorf, not London. These need the reassurance of a stable tax regime. Much of our energy infrastructure dates from the 1950s or before. One of the factors behind soaring gas prices is earlier under-spending in gas storage. National Grid needs huge investment. All those wind turbines in the north of Scotland need linking to the Grid.
Someone has to help to build the next generation of nuclear power stations. Who plans to take a quarter of British Energy if it is eventually bought by EDF, with the intention of doing just that? Centrica, oddly enough.
The third point, also blindingly obvious, one might have thought, is that those headline “obscene” profits already attract tax. Centrica pays 75 per cent on its Morecambe gasfield; some Shell North Sea fields attract the same rate. Sam Laidlaw, Centrica’s chief executive, claims his company, paying 58 per cent across the group, is already the most heavily taxed in the FTSE 100.
Energy prices are rising for reasons entirely unconnected to boardroom rapacity, such as scarcity, the cost of protecting the environment and the desire of billions in the developing world to own a fridge, please. And heat their homes. Use of a car would be nice.
Centrica, Shell and their confrères are never going to top those lists of our most admired companies. Yet I do not believe that the Government would be silly enough to slap a tax on energy firms. For anyone tempted by such an abrupt and destabilising change to the tax regime, just two thoughts: CGT and the 10p tax-band disaster.
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A windfall tax, and those who profess it, are clear signs the failure - economic and policy. The last time Labour did it they had just entered government -partly an excuse. Now after 10 years having to resort to this tax -which is not a panacea - is clearly the end game for a busted economic policy
sparks, uk,
Instead of windfall tax why not invite the power companies to assist the most hardest hit in paying their fuel bills alittle like banks who can't offer you enough when times are good but as fairweather friends pull up the drawbridge when a ressesion hits the very time they should help customers most
Dave Farmer, Broxbourne, England
Fossil and nuclear plants are just plain crazy ways of heating water, to make steam, to run steam turbines that produce electricity.
A better plan would be to feed heat from wind, waves and tides straight into existing coal fired power stations.
Andrew H Mackay, Tain, Scotland
Anyone with half a notion of economics - Chancellors of the Exchequer for example - know that tax increases are passed onto customers through price increases. A 'windfall' tax is really the politics of envy - good Old Labour to the core. Jack-up taxes 'til the pips squeak and then crash out.
Thomas Gordon, London ,
The government collects17.5% VAT when you buy fuel, pay your electricity bill, pay your gas bill etc. If the government are concerned about reducing energy costs to the public, they should reduce the tax on energy bills. The higher the energy bills, the more in VAT the public pay.
Ian, Grangemouth, grangemouth, scotland
There should be a windfall tax, and the money used to fund tax relief on renewable energy projects that will bring the cost of electricity down in the long term for everybody. Throwing rebates at pensioners [many of whom are actually well-off] just puts the burden on working families
Richard, Bexhill, UK
So what, tax energy companies and...? They'll put the prices up even for!!
Mike, Bristol,
I agree it would silly in the extreme to tax the energy companies - they are part of the solution to the crisis by being the only means through which additional supplies of gas and oil can be discovered and developed. The government's windfall taxes are what should distributed to help those in need
Trevor, London, UK
for starters why dont westminster remove the 5% vat on fuel, the snp cant do it because it must come from westminster.
mike mckeary, paisley, scotland
How does a windfall tax help customers, far better to force the company to give refunds to the people they have ripped off.
Mick, Dreamland,
What if these companies took a leaf out of the Trade Unions book & closed down for a couple of days if a windfall tax was imposed.Could bring everyone to their senses
J Butcher, Leeds, UK
$7bn profit on a turnover of $111bn? 6% sounds pretty average return to me. If they want to go after the excessive profits, why not put a windfall tax on those total non-producers in the law and consultancy (service) professions?
Nigel, Woking,
The original bank windfall tax was to reclaim the profit that banks earned after they were forced to increase interest rates by the government.
That WAS a windfall tax, this is Theft.
Pedro, Stratford,
Windfall taxes are state theft, just like CGT and inheritance tax.
People who support these ideas think just like criminals, but don't recognise themselves.
Greg Lorriman, Leatherhead, UK
Absolutely spot on. Not forgetting that this wouldn't touch the companies' executives but be borne eventually by shareholders - i.e. ordinary voters who happen to contribute to a pension
Anthony Martindale, Reading,
"You can not have energy companies boasting huge profits and the cost of fuel being close to118p a litre
Mike Collins, morpeth, uk"
You're ignoring the fact that 60% of that the 118p / litre is TAX. The fuel companies make about 1p / litre profit selling to you and I - hardly excessive profit.
Alan, Northampton, UK
I agree with Frank, stop supplying power to the cold and disabled, then they cannot complain.
Or make them charge as Nicola says, this will give us time to install solar panels and a wind turbine on each house and flat. Not sure whether we will be warmer.
BOB, Shrewsbury,
The profits need to be reinvested in exploration and production. This just does not happen, Brown wimped out on this 1 and clearly it seems like a case of the rich get richer and the poor, poorer. You can not have energy companies boasting huge profits and the cost of fuel being close to118p a litre
Mike Collins, morpeth, uk
A windfall tax will show that the regulator was not doing his job properly. It also will be another stealth tax . If I have been overcharge;I would want a rebate.
A Walton, Leicester, England
Windfall taxes don't work, so lets cap the amount we pay to the companies and have that go up in line with inflation that way if the companies want our service then they have to work at it and not just undercut the other.
Also make them be open with all the charges and where the money goes.
Nicola Clubb, Bournemouth, UK
Fleecing the tax payer has been a trade mark of Brownism.
Fleecing the energy Industry appears a logical progression.
Would it make any difference to the man in the street? I doubt it. Any windfall he takes is liable to be frittered away in a final splurge or plugging a very leaky financial boat.
philip, Ipswich,
The great Windfall Tax conspiracy. The watchdog sits by while utility companies overcharge the consumer.
Govt. impose Windfall Tax, taking it's huge share of the monies ripped off the consumer - allowing suppliers to retain some of the excess charges.
Surely a forced rebate would be a lot fairer?
Glenn, Brecon, Wales
Before the government decides to impose a windfall tax on the oil companies they should consider the impact on government finances of BP et al moving their residence to Ireland.
John, LONDON, ENGLAND
Why would anyone start or buy a business when their profits (Windfall Tax) and pension fund (dividends tax) can be stolen by the government after they have been legally earned.
Brian Gilbert, Hampton Middx, England
Winfall taxes are not the way forward: all it does is breed lack of certaintity and unsettle the markets, as well as encouraging business to move offshore. Let the tabloids put a fair position rather than jump up and down about fat cats and poor people.
Government is responsible for welfare.
William, London,
You make countless billions off the suffering of cold disabled pensioners and you pay a tiny fraction back to help. It's a no-brainer.
Frank, London,